ABSTRACT
There is a lot of bacterial, viral or parasite infections who are able to be transmitted vertically from the mother to the fetus or newborn which implicates an enormous risk for it. The TORCH acronym is used universally to refer to a fetus or newborn which presents clinical features compatible with a vertically acquired infection and allows a rational diagnostic and therapeutic approach. The traditional "TORCH test" is nowadays considered not appropriate and it has been replaced for specific test for specific pathogens under well defined circumstances. The present document reviews the general characteristics, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic and therapeutic options for the most frequently involved pathogens in the fetus or newborn with TORCH suspicion.
Existen numerosas infecciones bacterianas, virales y parasitarias que pueden transmitirse desde la madre al feto o recién nacido (RN) y que significan un riesgo para él. El acrónimo TORCH se utiliza en forma universal para caracterizar a aquel feto o RN que presenta un cuadro clínico compatible con una infección congénita y que permite un enfrentamiento racional, tanto diagnóstico como terapéutico. El concepto tradicional de realizar un "test de TORCH" sin consideraciones específicas a cada paciente, hoy en día se considera no adecuado y ha sido reemplazado por exámenes específicos para patógenos específicos bajo circunstancias bien definidas. El presente documento revisa las características generales, epidemiológicas, patogénicas, diagnósticas y terapéuticas de los patógenos más frecuentemente involucrados en el estudio de pacientes con sospecha de TORCH.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/microbiology , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/parasitology , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/virology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/microbiology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/parasitology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology , Prenatal Diagnosis , Rubella/congenital , Rubella/diagnosis , Rubella/therapy , Syndrome , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital/diagnosis , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital/therapy , Risk Factors , Chagas Disease/congenital , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Chagas Disease/therapy , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Cytomegalovirus Infections/congenital , Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis , Cytomegalovirus Infections/therapy , Fetus , Herpes Simplex/congenital , Herpes Simplex/diagnosis , Herpes Simplex/therapyABSTRACT
Apesar da interrupção da gestação não ser ainda permitida em nosso país, por esta razão, o diagnóstico pré-natal da infecção pelo vírus da rubéola torna-se de suma importância para orientar os perinatologistas sobre as condições futuras do recém-nascido, proportionando melhores condições de atendimento neonatal